Decline of the Mauryan Empire

MCQ quiz /* Basic CSS resets */ * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; } :root { /* Default Fallback Theme Variables (light green theme) */ --theme-body-bg: #f1f8e9; --theme-main-text: #33691e; --theme-header-bg: #7cb342; --theme-header-text: #ffffff; --theme-content-container-bg: #dcedc8; --theme-quiz-container-bg: #ffffff; --theme-question-text: #33691e; /* Original theme variable */ --theme-choice-bg: #dcedc8; /* Light variant for choice bg */ --theme-choice-text: #33691e; /* Original theme variable */ --theme-choice-border: #7cb342; /* Accent border for choice */ --theme-explanation-bg: #f1f8e9; --theme-explanation-border: #7cb342; --theme-explanation-text: #33691e; --theme-headings-text: #33691e; --theme-counter-text: #7cb342; --theme-timer-text: #c62828; /* Default red for timer */ --theme-button-primary-bg: #5cb85c; --theme-button-primary-hover-bg: #4cae4c; --theme-button-warning-bg: #f0ad4e; --theme-button-warning-hover-bg: #ec971f; --theme-button-info-bg: #5bc0de; --theme-button-info-hover-bg: #46b8da; --theme-button-danger-bg: #d9534f; --theme-button-danger-hover-bg: #d43f3a; } body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; background-color: var(--theme-body-bg); color: var(--theme-main-text); transition: background-color 0.5s, color 0.5s; } .content-container { background-color: var(--theme-content-container-bg); padding: 20px; border-radius: 10px; max-width: 800px; margin: 30px auto; box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); position: relative; transition: background-color 0.5s; } .header { background-color: var(--theme-header-bg); color: var(--theme-header-text); text-align: center; padding: 15px 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 25px; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); position: relative; transition: background-color 0.5s, color 0.5s; } .header h2 { margin: 0; font-size: 1.8em; }

.hamburger { position: absolute; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); left: 15px; z-index: 1000; width: 25px; height: 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; cursor: pointer; } .hamburger-line { height: 3px; background-color: var(--theme-header-text); border-radius: 2px; transition: transform 0.3s ease, opacity 0.3s ease; } .hamburger.active .hamburger-line:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(8.5px) rotate(45deg); } .hamburger.active .hamburger-line:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; } .hamburger.active .hamburger-line:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-8.5px) rotate(-45deg); }

#questionNavOverlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: -300px; width: 300px; height: 100%; background-color: #ffffff; color: var(--theme-main-text); transition: left 0.3s ease-in-out; z-index: 2000; box-shadow: 3px 0 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); padding: 25px; overflow-y: auto; border-right: 1px solid #e0e0e0; } #questionNavOverlay.show { left: 0; } #questionNavTitle { margin-bottom: 15px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.2rem; color: var(--theme-headings-text); border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; padding-bottom: 10px; } .question-nav { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; } .circle-number { width: 35px; height: 35px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: #e0e0e0; color: #333; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; cursor: pointer; user-select: none; transition: background-color 0.2s, color 0.2s, transform 0.2s; font-weight: 500; } .circle-number:hover { background-color: #bdbdbd; transform: scale(1.1); } .circle-number.active { background-color: var(--theme-header-bg); color: var(--theme-header-text); font-weight: bold; } .circle-number.answered { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg); color: white; } .circle-number.current-review { background-color: var(--theme-button-warning-bg); color: white; border: 2px solid var(--theme-button-warning-hover-bg); } .circle-number.reviewed-correct { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg); color: white; } .circle-number.reviewed-incorrect { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg); color: white; } .circle-number.reviewed-skipped { background-color: #BDBDBD; color: #424242; }

.quiz-container { background-color: var(--theme-quiz-container-bg); border-radius: 8px; padding: 25px; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center; position: relative; } .quiz-header-info { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 10px; /* background-color: var(--theme-body-bg); Changed below */ border-radius: 6px; } .question-counter, .timer { /* Combined for shared new styles */ font-weight: bold; padding: 8px 12px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: var(--theme-choice-bg); /* Match choice background */ font-size: 0.9em; } .question-counter { color: var(--theme-counter-text); /* Original text color variable */ } .timer { color: var(--theme-timer-text); /* Original text color variable */ }

.question { font-size: 1.3rem; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px; /* Reduced margin slightly */ text-align: left; color: #1A1A1A; /* Darker question text */ line-height: 1.6; } /* New Review Status Message Styles */ .review-status-message { padding: 10px; margin-top: 0px; /* Adjusted margin */ margin-bottom: 15px; border-radius: 5px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-size: 0.95em; color: var(--theme-header-text); /* Default light text, background will provide contrast */ } .review-status-message.status-correct { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg); } .review-status-message.status-incorrect { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg); } .review-status-message.status-skipped { background-color: #BDBDBD; color: #222222; /* Darker text for grey background */ }

.choices { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; } .choice { padding: 15px; background-color: var(--theme-choice-bg); border: 1px solid var(--theme-choice-border); border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; transition: background-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s, border-color 0.3s; text-align: left; color: #1A1A1A; /* Darker choice text */ } .choice:hover:not(.disabled) { box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); } .choice.selected { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg) !important; color: var(--theme-header-text) !important; border-color: var(--theme-button-primary-hover-bg) !important; } .choice.correct { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg) !important; border-color: var(--theme-button-primary-hover-bg) !important; color: var(--theme-header-text) !important; } .choice.incorrect { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg) !important; border-color: var(--theme-button-danger-hover-bg) !important; color: var(--theme-header-text) !important; } .choice.user-selected-incorrect { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg) !important; color: var(--theme-header-text) !important; border: 1px dashed var(--theme-button-danger-hover-bg) !important; } .choice.disabled { cursor: not-allowed; opacity: 0.7; }

.explanation { margin-top: 25px; text-align: left; background-color: var(--theme-explanation-bg); padding: 15px; border-left: 5px solid var(--theme-explanation-border); border-radius: 5px; color: var(--theme-explanation-text); line-height: 1.6; } .buttons { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 10px; margin-top: 30px; flex-wrap: wrap; } .btn { flex-grow: 1; padding: 12px 18px; background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg); color: white; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 0.9rem; text-align: center; min-width: 120px; transition: background-color 0.2s, transform 0.1s; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1); } .btn:hover:not(.disabled) { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-hover-bg); transform: translateY(-1px); } .btn.btn-warning { background-color: var(--theme-button-warning-bg); } .btn.btn-warning:hover:not(.disabled) { background-color: var(--theme-button-warning-hover-bg); } .btn.btn-info { background-color: var(--theme-button-info-bg); } .btn.btn-info:hover:not(.disabled) { background-color: var(--theme-button-info-hover-bg); } .btn.btn-danger { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg); } .btn.btn-danger:hover:not(.disabled) { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-hover-bg); } .btn.disabled { background-color: #cccccc; cursor: not-allowed; transform: none; box-shadow: none; } .hidden { display: none !important; }

#resultContent { text-align: center; margin-top: 20px; padding: 30px; background-color: var(--theme-quiz-container-bg); border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.12); } #resultContent h3 { font-size: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 15px; color: var(--theme-headings-text); } .congrats { font-size: 1.6rem; color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg); margin-bottom: 10px; } .sad { font-size: 1.6rem; color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg); margin-bottom: 10px; } #scoreMessage { font-size: 1.1em; margin-bottom: 20px; color: var(--theme-main-text); }

#popupMessage { position: fixed; bottom: 20px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); color: white; padding: 12px 25px; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 1rem; z-index: 5000; display: none; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.3s ease, bottom 0.3s ease; } #popupMessage.show { display: block; opacity: 1; bottom: 30px; } #popupMessage.correct { background-color: var(--theme-button-primary-bg); } #popupMessage.incorrect { background-color: var(--theme-button-danger-bg); } #popupMessage.skipped { background-color: #757575; }

.modal-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; z-index: 6000; opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease; } .modal-overlay.show { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; } .modal-content { background-color: #fff; padding: 30px; border-radius: 8px; box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); text-align: center; max-width: 400px; width: 90%; transform: scale(0.9); transition: transform 0.3s ease; color: #333; } .modal-overlay.show .modal-content { transform: scale(1); } .modal-content h4 { font-size: 1.4em; margin-bottom: 15px; } .modal-content p { font-size: 1em; margin-bottom: 25px; } .modal-buttons { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 10px; } .modal-buttons .btn { min-width: 100px; } .btn-secondary { background-color: #aaa; } .btn-secondary:hover { background-color: #999; }

@media (max-width: 600px) { .content-container { margin: 10px; padding: 10px; } .header h2 { font-size: 1.4em; } .hamburger { left: 10px; width: 22px; height: 18px; } .question { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 15px; } /* Adjusted margin */ .choice { padding: 10px; } .quiz-container { padding: 15px; } .review-status-message { font-size: 0.9em; padding: 8px; margin-bottom:10px;}

.quiz-header-info { flex-direction: row !important; justify-content: space-between !important; align-items: center !important; gap: 8px !important; padding: 8px !important; margin-bottom: 15px !important; } .timer, .question-counter { width: auto !important; text-align: left !important; font-size: 0.8em !important; padding: 6px 8px !important; }

.buttons { flex-direction: row !important; justify-content: space-between !important; flex-wrap: nowrap !important; gap: 5px !important; margin-top: 20px !important; } .btn { width: auto !important; flex-grow: 1 !important; flex-basis: 0 !important; margin-bottom: 0 !important; padding: 8px 5px !important; font-size: 0.75rem !important; min-width: 0 !important; text-align: center !important; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; } .buttons .btn:last-child { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } } Quiz

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const quizData = [ { "question": "सम्राट अशोक की मृत्यु के लगभग कितने वर्षों के भीतर मौर्य साम्राज्य का पतन हो गया?", "options": ["10 वर्ष", "25 वर्ष", "50 वर्ष", "100 वर्ष"], "correct": 2, "explanation": "सम्राट अशोक की मृत्यु (लगभग 232 ईसा पूर्व) के लगभग 50 वर्षों के भीतर मौर्य साम्राज्य का पतन हो गया।" }, { "question": "किस इतिहासकार का मानना है कि अशोक की अहिंसा और धम्म की नीति ने मौर्य सेना को कमजोर कर दिया?", "options": ["मेगस्थनीज", "कौटिल्य", "हरप्रसाद शास्त्री", "आर. शमाशास्त्री"], "correct": 2, "explanation": "कुछ इतिहासकारों (जैसे हरप्रसाद शास्त्री) का मानना है कि अशोक की अहिंसा और धम्म की नीति ने मौर्य सेना को कमजोर कर दिया।" }, { "question": "अंतिम मौर्य शासक बृहद्रथ की हत्या किसने की थी?", "options": ["चंद्रगुप्त मौर्य", "बिंदुसार", "पुष्यमित्र शुंग", "खारवेल"], "correct": 2, "explanation": "अंतिम मौर्य शासक बृहद्रथ की हत्या उसके सेनापति पुष्यमित्र शुंग ने कर दी, जिसने शुंग वंश की स्थापना की।" }, { "question": "मौर्य साम्राज्य के अंतिम चरण में पश्चिमोत्तर सीमा पर किनके आक्रमण शुरू हो गए थे?", "options": ["कुषाणों", "शकों", "बैक्ट्रियन यूनानियों", "हूणों"], "correct": 2, "explanation": "मौर्य साम्राज्य के अंतिम चरण में पश्चिमोत्तर सीमा पर बैक्ट्रियन यूनानियों के आक्रमण शुरू हो गए थे।" }, { "question": "अशोक के बाद मौर्य साम्राज्य कितने भागों में विभाजित हो गया था?", "options": ["एक", "दो", "तीन", "चार"], "correct": 1, "explanation": "अशोक के बाद साम्राज्य दो भागों में विभाजित हो गया था - पश्चिमी भाग (कुणाल के अधीन) और पूर्वी भाग (दशरथ के अधीन)।" }, { "question": "मौर्य साम्राज्य के पतन का एक प्रमुख आर्थिक कारण क्या था?", "options": ["कृषि में गिरावट", "व्यापार में कमी", "विशाल सेना और प्रशासन को बनाए रखने का भारी खर्च", "विदेशी निवेश में कमी"], "correct": 2, "explanation": "विशाल सेना और प्रशासन को बनाए रखने के लिए भारी वित्तीय संसाधन की आवश्यकता थी। अशोक द्वारा बौद्ध मठों और स्तूपों के निर्माण पर किए गए भारी खर्च ने शाही खजाने पर दबाव डाला।" } ] ;

let currentQuestionIndex = 0; let userAnswers = Array(quizData.length).fill(null); let totalQuizTime = quizData.length * 30; let timeLeft = totalQuizTime; let timerInterval; let quizSubmitted = false; let reviewMode = false; let popupTimeout;

// DOM Elements const questionEl = document.getElementById("question"); const choicesEl = document.getElementById("choices"); const explanationEl = document.getElementById("explanation"); const questionCounterEl = document.getElementById("questionCounter"); const timerEl = document.getElementById("timer"); const prevButton = document.getElementById("prevButton"); const nextButton = document.getElementById("nextButton"); const submitQuizButton = document.getElementById("submitQuizButton"); const reviewQuizButton = document.getElementById("reviewQuizButton"); const restartQuizButton = document.getElementById("restartQuizButton"); const quizContentEl = document.getElementById("quizContent"); const resultContentEl = document.getElementById("resultContent"); const resultMessageEl = document.getElementById("resultMessage"); const scoreMessageEl = document.getElementById("scoreMessage"); const questionNavEl = document.getElementById("questionNav"); const questionNavOverlayEl = document.getElementById('questionNavOverlay'); const hamburgerBtn = document.getElementById('hamburgerBtn'); const popupMessageEl = document.getElementById('popupMessage'); const submitConfirmationModalEl = document.getElementById('submitConfirmationModal'); const confirmSubmitBtn = document.getElementById('confirmSubmitBtn'); const cancelSubmitBtn = document.getElementById('cancelSubmitBtn'); const reviewStatusMessageEl = document.getElementById('reviewStatusMessage'); // New element

function generateQuestionNav() { questionNavEl.innerHTML = ""; quizData.forEach((_, index) => { const circle = document.createElement("div"); circle.classList.add("circle-number"); circle.innerText = index + 1; circle.onclick = () => jumpToQuestion(index);

if (reviewMode) { if (userAnswers[index] === null) { circle.classList.add("reviewed-skipped"); } else if (userAnswers[index] === quizData[index].correct) { circle.classList.add("reviewed-correct"); } else { circle.classList.add("reviewed-incorrect"); } } else { if (userAnswers[index] !== null) { circle.classList.add("answered"); } } questionNavEl.appendChild(circle); }); highlightCurrentCircle(); }

function jumpToQuestion(qIndex) { currentQuestionIndex = qIndex; questionNavOverlayEl.classList.remove('show'); hamburgerBtn.classList.remove('active'); loadQuestion(); }

function loadQuestion() { if (currentQuestionIndex = quizData.length) return;

const questionData = quizData[currentQuestionIndex]; questionEl.innerText = questionData.question; questionCounterEl.innerText = `${currentQuestionIndex + 1}/${quizData.length}`; choicesEl.innerHTML = ""; explanationEl.classList.add("hidden"); reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.add('hidden'); // Hide review status by default

questionData.options.forEach((option, index) => { const choiceElement = document.createElement("div"); choiceElement.className = "choice"; choiceElement.innerText = option;

if (reviewMode) { choiceElement.classList.add("disabled"); if (index === questionData.correct) { choiceElement.classList.add("correct"); } if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === index && index !== questionData.correct) { choiceElement.classList.add("user-selected-incorrect"); } } else { if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === index) { choiceElement.classList.add("selected"); } choiceElement.onclick = () => { if (!reviewMode) { userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] = index; document.querySelectorAll("#choices .choice").forEach(c => c.classList.remove("selected")); choiceElement.classList.add("selected"); generateQuestionNav(); } }; } choicesEl.appendChild(choiceElement); });

if (reviewMode) { explanationEl.innerHTML = " व्याख्या (Explanation): " + questionData.explanation; explanationEl.classList.remove("hidden"); // Update and show review status message reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.remove('hidden', 'status-correct', 'status-incorrect', 'status-skipped'); if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === null) { reviewStatusMessageEl.textContent = "आपने यह प्रश्न छोड़ दिया। (You skipped this question.)"; reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.add('status-skipped'); showPopupMessage("You skipped this question.", "skipped"); } else if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === questionData.correct) { reviewStatusMessageEl.textContent = "आपका उत्तर सही है! (Your answer is correct!)"; reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.add('status-correct'); showPopupMessage("You got it right!", "correct"); } else { reviewStatusMessageEl.textContent = "आपका उत्तर गलत है। (Your answer is incorrect.)"; reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.add('status-incorrect'); showPopupMessage("You got it wrong.", "incorrect"); } } else { popupMessageEl.classList.remove('show'); popupMessageEl.classList.add('hidden'); reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.add('hidden'); // Ensure it's hidden if not in review mode } updateButtonVisibility(); highlightCurrentCircle(); }

function updateButtonVisibility() { prevButton.classList.toggle("disabled", currentQuestionIndex === 0); prevButton.disabled = currentQuestionIndex === 0;

const isLastQuestion = currentQuestionIndex === quizData.length - 1; nextButton.classList.toggle("disabled", isLastQuestion); nextButton.disabled = isLastQuestion;

if (quizSubmitted && !reviewMode) { prevButton.classList.add("hidden"); nextButton.classList.add("hidden"); submitQuizButton.classList.add("hidden"); } else if (reviewMode) { submitQuizButton.classList.add("hidden"); prevButton.classList.remove("hidden"); nextButton.classList.remove("hidden"); } else { submitQuizButton.classList.remove("hidden"); prevButton.classList.remove("hidden"); nextButton.classList.remove("hidden"); } }

function previousQuestion() { if (currentQuestionIndex > 0) { currentQuestionIndex--; loadQuestion(); } }

function nextQuestion() { if (currentQuestionIndex < quizData.length - 1) { currentQuestionIndex++; loadQuestion(); } }

function showSubmitConfirmationModal() { submitConfirmationModalEl.classList.remove('hidden'); submitConfirmationModalEl.classList.add('show'); }

function hideSubmitConfirmationModal() { submitConfirmationModalEl.classList.remove('show'); submitConfirmationModalEl.classList.add('hidden'); }

function submitQuizActions() { quizSubmitted = true; reviewMode = false; clearInterval(timerInterval);

const correctAnswersCount = userAnswers.filter( (ans, i) => ans !== null && ans === quizData[i].correct ).length;

quizContentEl.classList.add("hidden"); resultContentEl.classList.remove("hidden");

reviewQuizButton.classList.remove("hidden"); restartQuizButton.classList.remove("hidden"); updateButtonVisibility(); hideSubmitConfirmationModal(); }

function startReview() { reviewMode = true; quizSubmitted = true; currentQuestionIndex = 0;

resultContentEl.classList.add("hidden"); quizContentEl.classList.remove("hidden");

generateQuestionNav(); loadQuestion(); }

function restartQuiz() { currentQuestionIndex = 0; userAnswers = Array(quizData.length).fill(null); quizSubmitted = false; reviewMode = false;

resultContentEl.classList.add("hidden"); quizContentEl.classList.remove("hidden"); explanationEl.classList.add("hidden"); popupMessageEl.classList.remove('show'); popupMessageEl.classList.add('hidden'); reviewStatusMessageEl.classList.add('hidden'); // Hide review status on restart

generateQuestionNav(); loadQuestion(); startTimer(); updateButtonVisibility(); }

hamburgerBtn.addEventListener('click', () => { questionNavOverlayEl.classList.toggle('show'); hamburgerBtn.classList.toggle('active'); });

function applyRandomTheme() { const rootStyle = document.documentElement.style; const randomTheme = themes[Math.floor(Math.random() * themes.length)];

rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-body-bg', randomTheme.bodyBg); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-main-text', randomTheme.containerText); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-header-bg', randomTheme.header); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-header-text', randomTheme.headerText); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-content-container-bg', randomTheme.container); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-quiz-container-bg', '#ffffff'); // These are now overridden by direct CSS for darker text, but theme variables still set rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-question-text', randomTheme.headings); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-choice-text', randomTheme.headings); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-choice-bg', randomTheme.container); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-choice-border', randomTheme.header);

rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-explanation-bg', randomTheme.bodyBg); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-explanation-border', randomTheme.header); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-explanation-text', randomTheme.headings); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-headings-text', randomTheme.headings); rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-counter-text', randomTheme.header); // Timer text color is defined in :root as --theme-timer-text: #c62828; // If you want timer text to match header: // rootStyle.setProperty('--theme-timer-text', randomTheme.header); }

window.onload = function() { applyRandomTheme(); generateQuestionNav(); loadQuestion(); startTimer(); updateButtonVisibility();

prevButton.addEventListener('click', previousQuestion); nextButton.addEventListener('click', nextQuestion); submitQuizButton.addEventListener('click', showSubmitConfirmationModal); reviewQuizButton.addEventListener('click', startReview); restartQuizButton.addEventListener('click', restartQuiz); confirmSubmitBtn.addEventListener('click', submitQuizActions); cancelSubmitBtn.addEventListener('click', hideSubmitConfirmationModal); };

function showPopupMessage(message, type) { if (popupTimeout) clearTimeout(popupTimeout); popupMessageEl.innerText = message; popupMessageEl.className = 'hidden'; popupMessageEl.classList.add('show', type); popupTimeout = setTimeout(() => { popupMessageEl.classList.remove('show'); }, 2500); }

Decline of the Mauryan Empire

administrative structure and societal organization

Shungas, Kanvas, Indo-Greeks, Shakas, and Kushanas

Shungas, Kanvas, Indo-Greeks, Shakas, and Kushanas

Gandhara and Mathura Art Styles

Golden Age of India

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